Analysis of supply chain risk mitigation and environmental impact on Kintamani Arabica coffee production
1Agroindustrial Technology Study Program, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Udayana University, Badung (80361), Bali, Indonesia. 2Doctoral Study Program (S3) Agricultural Science, Faculty Of Agriculture, Udayana University, Badung (80361), Bali, Indonesia. Corresponding e-mail: sedanayoga@unud.ac.id
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2025.v27i04.138
Coffee serves as a vital agro-industrial commodity integral to the regional economy. However, the extensive production process presents a range of risks and environmental impacts that require attention. This study analyzes risk events, sources, and mitigation strategies within the coffee supply chain while evaluating the environmental impact of processing Kintamani Arabica Coffee. The research involved several stages: determining samples (using stratified random sampling based on farm size and productivity criteria), identifying specific risks, analyzing those risks, evaluating, and prioritizing mitigation measures. The study employed Failure Mode and Effects Analysis for risk identification and the House of Risk method for risk mitigation (using a clearly justified correlation scale: 0, 1, 3, 9). An environmental impact analysis assessed greenhouse gas emissions (CO2, N2O, CH4) from coffee processing based on the latest IPCC AR6 Global Warming Potential (GWP) values. The findings revealed 34 risk events linked to 66 distinct risk sources, leading to the prioritization of 45 risk sources for mitigation. The primary risk sources identified included unpredictable weather, climate, and inadequate maintenance practices. Proposed risk mitigation strategies include developing an early detection system for climate change, conducting demand forecasting, enhancing collaboration and partnerships, creating competitive advantages, and utilizing digital markets (explicitly addressing risks related to high market competition). The greenhouse gas emissions during coffee production and primary processing amount to 13.59 kg CO2-eq/kg (updated based on IPCC AR6 standards), with mitigation measures such as canopy tree planting (M13) potentially offsetting these emissions through carbon sequestration.
